In the larger centers of highland Mexico and Peru, many millions of people died. On some Caribbean islands, the Native American population died out completely. In all, between and , perhaps 90 percent of the first Americans had died. This loss is considered among the largest demographic disasters in human history.
Ecosystems were in tumult as forests regrew and previously hunted animals increased in number. Economically, the population decrease brought by the Columbian Exchange indirectly caused a drastic labor shortage throughout the Americas, which eventually contributed to the establishment of African slavery on a vast scale in the Americas. By , the slave trade had brought new diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever , which further plagued Native Americans.
Eurasians sent much more than disease westward. Columbus had wanted to establish new fields of plenty in the Americas. On his later voyages he brought many crops he hoped might flourish there. He and his followers brought the familiar food grains of Europe: wheat, barley, and rye. They also brought Mediterranean plantation crops such as sugar, bananas, and citrus fruits, which all had originated in South or Southeast Asia. At first, many of these crops fared poorly; but eventually they all flourished.
After , sugar became the mainstay of the Caribbean and Brazilian economies, becoming the foundation for some of the largest slave societies ever known. The production of rice and cotton, both imported in the Columbian Exchange, together with tobacco, formed the basis of slave society in the United States. Wheat, which thrived in the temperate latitudes of North and South America and in the highlands of Mexico, eventually became a fundamental food crop for tens of millions of people in the Americas.
Indeed, by the late 20th century, wheat exports from Canada, the United States, and Argentina were feeding millions of people outside the Americas. It is true that the spread of these crops drastically changed the economy of the Americas. However, these new crops supported the European settler societies and their African slave systems. The Native Americans preferred their own foods. When it came to animals, however, the Native Americans borrowed eagerly from the Eurasian stables. The Columbian Exchange brought horses, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and a collection of other useful species to the Americas.
Before Columbus, Native American societies in the high Andes had domesticated llamas and alpacas , but no other animals weighing more than 45 kg lbs. And for good reason: none of the other 23 large mammal species present in the Americas before the arrival of Columbus were suitable for domestication.
In contrast, Eurasia had 72 large animal species, of which 13 were suitable for domestication. So, while Native Americans had plenty of good food crops available before , they had few domesticated animals. The main ones, aside from llamas and alpacas, were dogs, turkeys, and guinea pigs. Of all the animals introduced by the Europeans, the horse held particular attraction.
Native Americans first encountered it as a fearsome war beast ridden by Spanish conquistadors. However, they soon learned to ride and raise horses themselves.
In the North American great plains, the arrival of the horse revolutionized Native American life, permitting tribes to hunt the buffalo far more effectively. Several Native American groups left farming to become buffalo-hunting nomads and, incidentally, the most formidable enemies of European expansion in the Americas. Cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats also proved popular in the Americas. Within years after Columbus, huge herds of wild cattle roamed many of the natural grasslands of the Americas.
Wild cattle, and, to a lesser degree, sheep and goats, menaced the food crops of Native Americans, notably in Mexico. Eventually ranching economies emerged, based variously on cattle, goats, or sheep.
The largest ranches emerged in the grasslands of Venezuela and Argentina, and on the broad sea of grass that stretched from northern Mexico to the Canadian prairies. Native Americans used the livestock for meat, tallow , hides, transportation, and hauling.
Altogether, the suite of domesticated animals from Eurasia brought a biological, economic, and social revolution to the Americas. In terms of diseases, the Columbian Exchange was a wildly unequal affair, and the Americas got the worst of it. The flow of disease from the Americas eastward into Eurasia and Africa was either trivial or consisted of a single important infection.
Much less is known about pre-Columbian diseases in the Americas than what is known about those in Eurasia. Based on their study of skeletal remains, anthropologists believe that Native Americans certainly suffered from arthritis. They also had another disease, probably a form of tuberculosis that may or may not have been similar to the pulmonary tuberculosis common in the modern world. Native Americans also apparently suffered from a group of illnesses that included two forms of syphilis.
One controversial theory asserts that the venereal syphilis epidemic that swept much of Europe beginning in came from the Americas; however, the available evidence remains inconclusive.
Before Columbus, the Americas had plenty of domesticated plants. By the time Columbus had arrived, dozens of plants were in regular use, the most important of which were maize corn , potatoes, cassava , and various beans and squashes. Lesser crops included sweet potato, papaya, pineapple, tomato, avocado, guava , peanuts, chili peppers, and cacao, the raw form of cocoa.
It spread to Egypt, where it became a staple in the Nile Delta, and from there to the Ottoman Empire, especially the Balkans. By , maize was the major grain in large parts of what is now Romania and Serbia, and was also important in Hungary, Ukraine, Italy, and southern France.
It was often used as animal feed, but people ate it too, usually in a porridge or bread. Maize appeared in China in the 16th century and eventually supplied about one-tenth of the grain supply there. In the 19th century it became an important crop in India. Maize probably played its greatest role, however, in southern Africa.
There maize arrived in the 16th century in the context of the slave trade. Southern African environmental conditions, across what is now Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and eastern South Africa, suited maize handsomely. Over the centuries, maize became the primary peasant food in much of southern Africa. The potato had little impact in Africa, where conditions did not suit it.
But in northern Europe the potato thrived. It had the most significant effect on Ireland, where it promoted a rapid population increase until a potato blight ravaged the crop in , bringing widespread famine to the area. After , Scandinavia, the Low Countries, Germany, Poland, and Russia also gradually accepted the potato, which helped drive a general population explosion in Europe.
This population explosion may have laid the foundation for world-shaking developments such as the Industrial Revolution and modern European imperialism. The potato also fed mountain populations around the world, notably in China, where it encouraged settlement of mountainous regions. While maize and potatoes had the greatest world historical importance of the American crops, lesser crops made their marks as well.
In West Africa, peanuts and cassava provided new foodstuffs. Cassava, a tropical shrub native to Brazil, has starchy roots that will grow in almost any soil. In the leached soils of West and Central Africa, cassava became an indispensable crop. Today some million Africans rely on it as their main source of nutrition.
Cacao and rubber, two other South American crops, became important export items in West Africa in the 20th century. It proved a useful supplement to diets throughout the monsoon lands of Asia. B United States. C Ukraine. D Brazil. E Argentina. Suitcase farms are most associated most with A mixed crop and livestock farming. B grain farming. C market gardening. D dairy farming. E luxury crops. The area in Canada most associated with grain farming is A the Maritime Provinces.
B Ontario. C the Northwest Territories. D the Prairie Provinces. E British Columbia. The invention in the late s that changed the geography of cattle ranching was A the harvester. B barbed wire. C the steel tipped plow. D the John Deere tractor. Pastoral nomads and livestock ranchers both A suffer from low profit margins. B have difficulty hiring seasonal workers. C require extensive knowledge of irrigation systems.
D are in competition with alternative land uses. E operate most efficiently in similar climates. Many feed fattening farms feedlots have located in the southeast and west of the United States because of A proximity to growing markets in the south and west. B less severe weather. C lack of union organization.
D cheaper feed. What advantages do cattle feedlots have over traditional methods of livestock ranching? A Feedlots combine a number of steps in the meat packing industry in one location.
B Feedlots are more efficient at adding weight to cattle. C Feedlots reduce transportation costs of cattle prior to being slaughtered. D Feedlots reduce transportation costs of the finished product.
Mediterranean agricultural products are grown in A Chile. B the Central Valley of California. C southern Spain. B olives. C dates. D lemons. The two most important crops grown in the Mediterranean region are A dates and lemons. B almonds and grapes. C grapes and olives. D olives and tomatoes. E wheat and olives. In Mediterranean agriculture farmers derive most of their income from A sheep and goats.
B dairy products for various types of cheeses. C wheat grown for bread and pasta production. D fruits and vegetables. E tomatoes. Even though climatic conditions are suitable for wine production in North Africa and Southwest Asia, why is this form of agriculture not practiced in these regions?
A Both areas need economic development to establish a wine industry. B Strict government regulations discourage development of a wine industry. C Lack of irrigation engineering is an impediment. D There is not a cultural tradition of consuming wine in these regions. E Desalination is still too costly for this type of economic activity. Market gardening farms are located close to large urban areas because A expensive land costs force farmers to grow crops with a higher profit margin.
B of the highly perishable nature of their crops. C transport costs are high due to special handling requirements. D farmers need large amounts of capital for specialized machinery. Market gardening dominates in A New Jersey and Delaware. B parts of Florida. C the west coast of Michigan. D the Central Valley of California. What is the best reason why market gardening farms grow highly perishable fruits and vegetables?
A Favorable climate. B High soil fertility. C Farms are located close to urban centers. D Transportation costs are low. E Government subsidies make it possible. The technical definition of horticulture includes the cultivation of A flowers. B flowers and fruits. C flowers, fruits, and vegetables. D flowers and carnations. E flowers and nursery plants. Horticulture could potentially include A Mediterranean agriculture. C truck farming. Due to increased interregional migration, an increasing percent of vegetables in China are being produced A in urban plots.
B in rural villages. C on collective farms in the countryside. D on commercial operations in the south. E on the suburban fringe of major metropolitan areas. A in urban plots. Another name for truck farming is A specialty farming. C commercial gardening and fruit farming.
D intensive commercial agriculture. Many farmers in New England turned to specialty farming, such as growing mushrooms, asparagus, herbs, and nursery plants because A the climate is better for these types of operations. B depopulation of rural New England has reduced the customer base. D dairy farming has become less profitable due to lower milk prices per unit and increasing operating costs. E the increased use of refrigerated trucks has expanded the market area.
Commercial agriculture practiced in the tropics and subtropics is called A intensive subsistence agriculture. B paddy rice farming. D double cropping. This crop is often grown on plantations in the tropics and sub-tropics.
A Sugarcane. B Palm oil. C Cocoa. D Tea. Most plantation operations are found in A Latin America. B Sub-Saharan Africa. D South Asia. Globalization has impacted and changed agricultural practices with respect to plantation agriculture by A increased concentration of ownership from More Developed Countries MDC companies.
B increased use of machinery. C displacing more workers. D increasing migration rates from rural to urban areas. In upland areas where plantation agriculture is present, what are the two most common crops grown? A Bananas and tea. B Tea and sugar cane. C Tea and coffee.
D Coffee and sugarcane. E Sugarcane and bananas. Legal crops such as coffee, tea, and tobacco grown on plantations in the tropics for export to More Developed Countries MDCs are commonly referred to as A luxury crops. B perishable crops. C specialty crops. D export crops. A luxury crops. Which of the following is not considered a luxury crop?
A Coffee. B Tea. C Banana. D Cacoa. E Tobacco. The main difference between coffee and tea is that A coffee is consumed where it is produced. B tea is consumed where it is produced.
C coffee is grown in upland areas in the tropics and subtropics. D tea is grown in low-lying areas in humid continental climates. How have globalization and improved transportation links changed the geography of production areas for products such as apples, grapes, and fresh cut flowers? A Farmers will seek out areas with the lowest production costs.
B North American farmers no longer have a competitive advantage all year. D Southern hemisphere producers have increased production of these items. How has containerization changed the geography of linkages between production areas and location of consumers? B The Suez and Panama canals are less important because of containerization. C Containerization has made long distance trade more efficient.
D Containerization has made long distance trade more profitable. According to the von Thunen model, what costs does a commercial farmer consider when deciding what crops to plant? A Transportation costs. B Cost of land. C Transaction costs. D Cost of externalities. According to the von Thunen model, what type of agricultural practice would locate in the outer most concentric ring?
A Dairy. B Forestry. C Grazing. D Mixed crop and livestock. E Horticulture. Why did von Thunen include a forestry ring in his model of agricultural land use?
A Wood was quickly becoming a scarce resource. B Wood was used for construction purposes and heating. C Wood is heavy and therefore expensive to transport. D Wood was a sustainable product. E B and C only. According to the von Thunen model, the first ring is used for A dairy.
B forestry. D crop rotation. E grain farming. A dairy. B California. C Pacific Northwest. D New England. E southeastern states. B southeastern states. C California. D the Pacific Northwest. A New England and upstate New York. B the Midwest. C the Pacific Northwest. D southeastern states. E Great Plains. Dairy agriculture would be located in A southern England.
B Scandinavia. D the steppes of Russia. E Hungary. A southern England. Extensive grain farming would take place in A southern England. B Mediterranean France. C Italy. E the Benelux countries. B there are uniform soils across the landscape. C there are no physical features present, such as rivers or mountains. D all goods use the same form of transportation. The single most important factor contributing to rural land use patterns for most of the Great Plains in the United States is a result of the A township and range land survey system.
B metes and bounds land property division method. C physical geography of the region. D extensive river systems. E capitalist economic system. A township and range land survey system. B the Chicago-Milwaukee-Madison triangle. C coastal California. D South Florida. Area s of the world traditionally known for their circular rural land use patterns include A Northern Germany. Today circular rural settlements are most commonly associated with A Sub-Saharan Africa.
C Latin America. D Central America. E the Middle East. A Sub-Saharan Africa. The linear agricultural land use pattern commonly found in Quebec and Louisiana is A the long lot system. B the range and township land survey system. C the metes and bounds land ownership method. D a result of the Enclosure Movement.
A the long lot system. Clustered rural settlements are most commonly associated with A the mid-Atlantic region. B New England. C the lower Mississippi Valley. D the Southeast. E the Ohio River Valley. The land division system most responsible for dispersed rural settlements in many parts of the United States is the A long lot system. B township and range system. C metes and bounds system. D enclosure movement. Township and range land division system most closely resembles what type of geometric pattern on the landscape?
A Linear. B Circular. C Square. D Rectangular. D Sub-Saharan Africa. Which of the following are negative consequences of the Green Revolution in India? A It increased environmental damage due to the increased use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
B It increased interregional migration. C It increased the gap between wealthy and poor farmers. A The Green Revolution doubled and tripled crop yields in many developing countries. B Massive relief on the part of the United States prevented worldwide famine.
C Technological advancements increased yields throughout the world. D High yield varieties HYVs increased yields in many parts of the world. This type of business practice significantly reduces the commodity chain for an agricultural product such as coffee or tea.
A Fair trade movement. B Sustainable agriculture. C Organic farming. D Integrated management. E Wholesale shopping. The trend whereby large corporations buy and control many different steps in a food-processing industry is commonly referred to as A agribusiness.
B commercial agriculture. C biotechnical revolution. D industrial agriculture. A agribusiness. B wheat and millet. C soybeans and wheat. D soybeans and corn. E corn and flax. B they could possibly crossbreed with domestic varieties. C they would cause economic dependence on US corporations. D they are considered less nutritious. According to the Human Development Index HDI which of the following would be considered a social measurement of development? A Literacy rate.
C Energy production per capita. D Birth rate. E Life expectancy. Which of the following demographic characteristics of development would not be typical of a less developed country in ? B Life expectancy of only 60 years. D Twenty-five percent of the population below age E High infant mortality rate of 57 deaths per births. The Great Big Tennis Shoe Company makes its shoes with leather from a company in Argentina, the shoelaces and thread come from companies in the United States, and the rubber for the soles from Indonesia.
The shoes are assembled in factories in China and the shoes are ultimately sold in Europe and the United States. All of the following factors help explain why this global assembly line process occurs except A improvements in data communication.
B relatively low transportation costs due to containerization. C decreasing incomes in the developed regions of the world D relatively low labor costs in different regions of the world. E the durability of the good being processed. C decreasing incomes in the developed regions of the world. Which of the following countries in has the largest percent of its workforce engaged in the tertiary or service sector?
A Peru. B Nigeria. C China. D Egypt. E Germany. A peasant in rural China is most likely employed in which sector of the economy? A Primary.
B Quaternary. C Quinary. D Secondary. E Tertiary. On a global scale, in which of the following sectors do most people work? B Secondary. C Quaternary. D Quinary. In the countries of China, Vietnam and India which of the following sectors of the economy is losing the most people?
The largest sector of the economy in Postindustrial countries is A primary. B secondary. C quaternary. D quinary. E tertiary. Which of the following economic sectors is least likely to occur in the core area of a country? Using a global scale, which of the following regions would not be considered a major manufacturing region during the 20th century? A Eastern China. B Northeast United States.
C Western Europe. D Southern India. E Eastern Europe. Which of the following factors does not help explain why steel manufacturing facilities in the United States have increasingly been located in a coastal city location? A The decreasing cost of transporting iron ore. B Scrap metal is widely available in city locales. C A large demand for steel exists in large coastal cities around the world. D Cheap sources of iron ore from foreign countries.
E There is a shortage of iron ore in the interior United States. Which of the following factors helps to explain why automobile manufacturing facilities are being built in the Southern United States as opposed to the traditional locations of Michigan and other states in the Midwest? A Increasing cost of automobile maintenance. B Workers in the South are less likely to join a union.
C Increasing competition from cars produced in China. D The largest population clusters in the US are in the South. E Hybrid technology exists in greater supplies in the South than other regions of the US. Which of the following cities is the highest order financial center?
A Singapore. B London. C Sidney. D Lagos. E Chicago. Which of the following regions is not considered a major agglomeration of high technology development? A Northern California. B Bangalore, India. C Dallas and Austin, Texas.
D Beijing, China. E Athens, Greece. Which of the following is not a locational tendency of high tech industries?
A Proximity to a major university. B Access to venture capital and entrepreneurs. C Areas with high quality of life reputations. D Inner-city, downtown locations close to central business districts. E Availability of high quality communication and transportation facilities.
Which of the following best describes the overall global trend in agriculture? A The percent of people working in agriculture is declining and the productivity of farming is decreasing. B The percent of people working in agriculture is declining and the productivity of farming is increasing. C The percent of people working in agriculture is increasing D The percent of people working in agriculture is increasing and productivity of farming is decreasing. E The percent of people working in agriculture is increasing and productivity of farming is increasing.
Many United States high tech companies have been outsourcing many of their technical support and other tertiary jobs to which of the following countries? A India. Applying the Core-Periphery model, which of the following best describes the classification of South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore? A Core. B Downward transition. C Periphery. D Resource frontier. E Semi-periphery. A Extreme disparities in income exist between rich and poor. B An increasing percentage of the population living in cities.
C Large portions of the population engaged in agricultural activity. D Large portions of the population are highly skilled and educated. E The standard of living has generally been rising. A Capitalist. B Mixed. C Planned. D Subsistence. E Market. A Central America. B Central Africa. D Australia. E South America. Which of the following regions has the highest concentration of a subsistent economic system?
A Western Europe. B Eastern China. C Unites States. During the s Industrial Revolution, the most important fuel source for manufacturing was A oil. B coal. C nuclear. D hydro-electric. E solar. Which of the following is considered the place of origin of the Industrial Revolution? A United Kingdom. B France. C United States. D Belgium.
Revolution except A Hierarchical diffusion - The British Empire spread industrial concepts throughout many world cities and regions. B Contagious diffusion — manufacturing ideas and concepts spread from England to nearby European countries.
C Stimulus diffusion — Many American and European companies modified ideas and concepts from England and created new ways of manufacturing. D Reverse hierarchical — manufacturing ideas and concepts from the outlying rural areas of the British Empire spread back to England and stimulated the Industrial Revolution. E Diffused to areas with common locational factors including the availability of coal, access to a water port, proximity to a labor supply and available capital.
Which of the following countries is not a major producer of steel? A China. B Japan. D South Korea. E Nigeria. Which of the following American cities is not located in a major manufacturing region? A New York. B Chicago. C Atlanta. D Seattle.
E Miami. Which of the following does not accurately depict the location characteristics of manufacturing in Russia? A Generally concentrated in the western portions of Russia.
B Located along transportation routes, especially railroads. C The Ural Mountains vast amount of natural resources both supply and fuel factories with materials necessary to manufacture goods. D The vast amount of fast moving rivers and large population create an agglomeration of industries near Lake Baikal. E A large manufacturing area is concentrated near Moscow because of its market, transportation connections, and its centrality. Which of the following areas is not considered a large manufacturing region in China?
A Hong Kong — Guangdong — Southern. B Shanghai — Chang — East. C Beijing — North. D Lhasa — Tibet — West. E Shenyang — Northeast.
Which of the following areas is considered a peripheral region within China? C Beijing — Northern. Which of the following best explains why many companies continue to locate factories in traditional manufacturing regions like the northeast United States and Western Europe?
A Low labor costs and loose environmental laws. B Large pool of skilled labor and quick delivery to large markets. C Stable government and low labor costs. D Weak unions and stringent environmental laws. E Decreasing global transportation costs and rising labor costs in China. Which of the following industries is most likely to outsource jobs to another country because of slight increases in labor costs?
A Steel manufacturing. B Automobile assembly plant. C Textile plant. D High-tech research facility. E Milk dairy. Which of the following situational factors best explains why automobile manufacturing and assembly plants continue to locate in the interior United States?
A Lower labor costs than in coastal locations with strong environmental laws. B Relatively less expensive site costs and quick delivery to large markets. C Weight gain industries can locate further from their market area. Which of the following factors does not explain why automobile manufacturing and assembly plants continue to close or relocate facilities in the northern United States?
A Lower labor costs in other U. B Cars are increasingly made with plastic and aluminum materials, which changes the optimal location of assembly plants. C The United States population center continues to migrate south and west thereby increasing the transportation costs of production in the north.
D Weak unions in the north and shortage of skilled labor. E Increasing competition from international companies locating plants in the United States. A Stage I. B Stage II. C Stage III. D Stage IV. E Stage V. A People migrate from the cities into rural areas seeking new jobs in the primary sector. This migration leads to a decrease in death rate for the country. B Individuals migrate to new industrial or urban areas in search of jobs.
Over time the death rate increases for the country because of the high risk jobs. C Families migrate to cities seeking jobs in the secondary sector and because of the increased wages, birth rate increases for the country. D Mechanized farming replaces many labor-intensive jobs, inducing people to move to new industrial and urban areas. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which of the following best describes manufacturing?
A Large factories located in cities were owned by corporations. B Multinational corporations create a global assembly line of production. C Individual families produced goods by hand or on individual spinning wheels. D Mechanized assembly line with workers monitoring the quality of the product. E Manufacturing did not exist prior to the Industrial Revolution. Which of the following descriptions is least accurate? A Post-Fordist workers often work on equal terms and conditions with managers.
B Fordist production requires mainly low skill labor. C Post-Fordist production plants often produce a greater variety of goods that meet the needs of niche markets. D Fordist production workers often perform a specific specialized task over and over on the line. E Post-Fordist production emphasizes the importance of classical economic theory as measured in distance cost as opposed to time cost.
A Southeast Asia. B Eastern Europe. C Central America. D Southwest Asia. E North America. All of the following are true of fossil fuels except A they are distributed unevenly around the globe. B the supply of fossil fuels is finite. C wealthy countries consume greater amounts of fossil fuels than poorer countries.
D the wealthiest countries have the greatest deposits of fossil fuels. E the cost of fossil fuels will likely rise as global demand increases and reserves decline. Computer technical support jobs are increasingly being outsourced to India for all of the following reasons except A large English speaking population in India. B strong telecommunications infrastructure in parts of India. C lower wages for workers than the United States.
D poor training of high-tech students in the United States. E increasing population of high skilled labor in India. Computer technical support jobs are increasingly being outsourced to India, because of improvements in telecommunication technology. Which term best exemplifies this trend?
A Space-time compression. B Agglomeration. C Absolute distance. D Multiplier effect. E Non-governmental organizations NGO. A Afghanistan. B China. C Cuba. D Germany. Based on the concept of core-periphery relationships, which of the following regions of the United States best fits the description of periphery in the early 21st century? A Alaska. B Colorado. C New York. D California. E Illinois. Based on the concept of core-periphery relationships, which of the following regions of Europe best fits the description of periphery in the early 21st century?
C Germany. D Spain. E Netherlands. A Permanent division of wealthy core countries and poor periphery countries. B Creation of one giant super core with the rest of the world as a periphery. C Evolution towards multiple cores that exchange goods, services and resources. D Current system of cores and periphery exists with the periphery becoming increasingly financially dependent on the core. E Devolution of core, replaced by multiple semi-periphery regions supported by the resources of nearby periphery regions.
Which of the following development schools of thought advocates that countries proceed through progressive stages of economic structural change? Less developed countries should follow the path that Western Europe and North America took during the Industrial Revolution. A Core-periphery. B Dependency. C Modernization. D Neoliberal Counterrevolution. E Sustainable Development. Which of the following development schools of thought advocates that the dynamic between highly developed and developing countries, permanently keeps less developed countries at an economic disadvantage?
A Appropriation. Which of the following development schools of thought advocates the best strategies for development are the use of micro loans for women and the poor, small-scale community based projects, and resource conservation?
Based on a Harvard Institute study, which attempted to quantify differences in national economic development. Which of the following set of factors are common in highly developed countries of the world?
A Low latitude ecological zones and peripheral global locations. B Low latitude ecological zones, peripheral global locations, and rules of law that prohibit corruption and breach of contract. C Large and expanding population, rules of law that prohibit corruption and breach of contract, and market based economies.
D Low latitude ecological zones, rules of law that prohibit corruption and breach of contract, and market based economies. E Rules of law that prohibit corruption and breach of contract, and market based economies. Which of the following does not explain whyWestern China has not developed as quickly as Eastern China? A Eastern China is better situated to take advantage of the global trade economy. B Western China lacks resources used for manufacturing.
C Greater political power is located in Eastern China. D Larger labor supplies can be found in the east. Which of the following industries would most likely be market oriented?
A Windshields. B Threshing wheat. C Copper smelting. D French fry production. E Fish processing. Which of the following industries would most likely be resource oriented?
0コメント